The son of an artilleryman. Konstantin Simonov son of an artilleryman There are also more complex rules for identifying appeals

Artilleryman's son:

Was at Major Deev's
Comrade - Major Petrov,
They were still friends with civil,
Since the twenties.
We cut the whites together
Checkers at a gallop,
Then we served together
In the artillery regiment.

Major Petrov
There was Lyonka, beloved son,
Without a mother, at the barracks,
The boy grew up alone.
And if Petrov is away, -
Sometimes, instead of father
His friend stayed
For this tomboy.

Deev will call Lenka:
- Well, let's go for a walk:
To the son of an artilleryman
It's time to get used to the horse! -
Together with Lyonka he will go
At a trot, and then into a quarry.
It used to be that Lyonka would pass,
Can't take the barrier
Fall down and whine.
- I see, still a kid! -

Deev will raise him,
Like a second father.
Hooks up a horse again:
- Learn, brother, take barriers!

Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.

Two or three more years passed
And carried away to the sides
Deeva and Petrova
Military craft.
Deev left for the North
I even forgot the address.
Seeing you would be great!
And he did not like letters.
But that must be why
That he himself did not expect children,
About Lyonka with some kind of sadness
Often he remembered.

Ten years have passed.
The silence ended
Thunder rumbled
A war over the homeland.
Deev fought in the North;
In his polar wilderness
Sometimes in the newspapers
I was looking for the names of friends.

Once I found Petrov:
"So, he is alive and well!"
They praised him in the newspaper,
Petrov fought in the South.
Then, coming from the South,
Someone told him
That Petrov, Nikolay Yegorych,
He died heroically in the Crimea.
Deev took out a newspaper,
He asked: "What date?" -
And sadly I realized that the mail
It took too long to come here ...

And soon in one of the cloudy
Northern evenings
Appointed to Deev in the regiment
There was Lieutenant Petrov.
Deev sat over the map
With two smoking candles.
A tall military man entered,
Slanting fathom in the shoulders.
In the first two minutes
The major did not recognize him.
Only the bass of a lieutenant
He reminded of something.
- Well, turn to the light, -
And he brought the candle to him.
All the same baby lips
The same snub nose.
And what a mustache - so in fact it
Shave off! - and the whole conversation.
- Lyonka? - That's right, Lyonka,
He's the one, Comrade Major!

- So, I graduated from school,
Let's serve together.
It's a pity to such happiness
Father did not have to live.
Lyonka's eyes flashed
An uninvited tear.
He, gritting his teeth, silently
He wiped his eyes with his sleeve.
And again it was the major,
As in childhood, tell him:
- Hold on, my boy: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.

And two weeks later
There was a hard battle in the rocks,
To help everyone out, I must
Someone to risk themselves.
The major called Lyonka,
I looked at him point-blank.
- By your order
I have appeared, Comrade Major.
- Well, it's good that you came.
Leave the documents to me.
You will go alone, without a radio operator,
Walkie-talkie on the back.
And across the front, over the rocks,
At night in the German rear
You will walk along such a path
Where no one went.
You will be from there on the radio
Fire batteries.
Is that clear? ”“ That's right, clearly.
- Well, go quickly.
No, wait a little.
The major stood up for a second,
As in childhood, with two hands
Lyonka pressed to him: -
You go to such a thing
It's hard to come back.
As a commander, I am you
I'm not happy to send there.
But as a father ... Answer me:
Father am I to you or not?
- Father, - Lyonka told him
And hugged him back.

So, like a father, once it turned out
To fight for life and death,
My fatherly duty and right
Risk my son
Before others, I must
Send my son ahead.
Hold on my boy: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.
“Understood me?” “Understood.
May I go? - Go! -
The major stayed in the dugout,
The shells exploded ahead.
Somewhere thundered and hooted.
The major followed the clock.
It would be a hundred times easier for him,
If only he walked.
Twelve ... Now, I guess,
He passed through the posts.
Hour ... Now he got
To the foot of the height.
Two ... He must now be
Crawls to the very ridge.
Three ... Hurry to
The dawn did not catch him.
Deev went out into the air -
How bright the moon shines
Couldn't wait until tomorrow
Cursed be she!

All night walking like a pendulum
Major did not close his eye,
Bye on the radio in the morning
The first signal came:
- It's all right, got there.
Germans to the left of me
Coordinates three, ten,
Hurry, let's fire! -
The guns are loaded
The major calculated everything himself,
And with a roar the first volleys
Hit the mountains.
And again the signal on the radio:
- The Germans rule me,
Coordinates five, ten,
Rather more fire!

Earth and rocks flew
Smoke rose in a column
It seemed now from there
Nobody leaves alive.
Third radio signal:
- Germans around me,
Hit four, ten
Do not spare the fire!

The major turned pale when he heard:
Four, ten - just right
The place where his Lyonka
Should sit now.
But, without giving notice,
Forgetting that he was a father
Major continued to command
With a calm face:
"Fire!" - shells flew.
"Fire!" - load quickly!
Square four, ten
Six batteries broke.
The radio was silent for an hour
Then the signal came:
- Silent: deafened by an explosion.
Hit as I said.
I believe my shells
Can't touch me.
The Germans are running, click
Give a sea of fire!

And at the command post,
Taking the last signal
Major in the deafened radio
Unable to bear it, he shouted:
- You hear me, I believe:
Death cannot take them.
Hold on my boy: in the world
Don't die twice.
No one in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.

The infantry went on the attack -
Was clean by noon
From the fleeing Germans
Rocky height.
Corpses were scattered everywhere,
Wounded but alive
Was found in the Lenka gorge
With a tied head.
When the bandage was unwound
That he hastily tied up,
The major looked at Lyonka
And suddenly he did not recognize him:
He seemed to be the same,
Calm and young
All the same boy eyes
But only ... completely gray-haired.

He hugged the major before
How to go to the hospital:
- Hold on, father: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
Now Lyonka had ...

Here's the story
About these glorious deeds
On the Sredny peninsula
Was told to me.
And above, over the mountains,
The moon was still floating
Explosions rumbled close
The war continued.
The phone rattled, and, worrying,
The commander walked around the dugout,
And someone, just like Lyonka,
I went to the Germans in the rear today.

Song from the movie "Officers"
Words by Leonid Agranovich.
Moose. Raphael Hosaka
Isp. Vladimir Zlatoustovsky

Was at Major Deev's
Comrade - Major Petrov,
They were still friends with civil,
Since the twenties.
We cut the whites together
Checkers at a gallop,
Then we served together
In the artillery regiment.

Major Petrov
There was Lyonka, beloved son,
Without a mother, at the barracks,
The boy grew up alone.
And if Petrov is away, -
Sometimes, instead of father
His friend stayed
For this tomboy.

Deev will raise him,
Like a second father.
Hooks up a horse again:
- Learn, brother, take barriers!
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.

Ten years have passed.
The silence ended
Thunder rumbled
A war over the homeland.
Deev fought in the North;
In his polar wilderness
Sometimes in the newspapers
I was looking for the names of friends.
Once I found Petrov:
"So, he is alive and well!"
They praised him in the newspaper,
Petrov fought in the South.
Then, coming from the South,
Someone told him
That Petrov, Nikolay Yegorych,
He died heroically in the Crimea.
Deev took out a newspaper,
He asked: "What date?" -
And sadly I realized that the mail
It took too long to come here ...

So, I graduated from school,
Let's serve together.
It's a pity to such happiness
Father did not have to live.
Lyonka's eyes flashed
An uninvited tear.
He, gritting his teeth, silently
He wiped his eyes with his sleeve.
And again it was the major,
As in childhood, tell him:
- Hold on, my boy: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.

Earth and rocks flew
Smoke rose in a column
It seemed now from there
Nobody leaves alive.
Third radio signal:
- Germans around me,
Hit four, ten
Do not spare the fire!

He hugged the major before
How to go to the hospital:
- Hold on, father: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
Now Lyonka had ...

Analysis of the poem "The Son of an Artilleryman" by Simonov

The poem "The Son of an Artilleryman" (1941) was written by Simonov on a special assignment from the command, in order to raise the morale of the soldiers. But it was unusual for a naturally sincere poet to write under someone's dictation, even in the name of a noble goal. Therefore, he based the plot on a real story he heard from one officer.

The poem describes the long-standing friendship of two Soviet officers (Deev and Petrov), who fought side by side during the Civil War. Petrov had an only son, Lenka, who grew up without a mother. The friendship of the officers was so strong that Lyonka considered Deev his second father. He spent a lot of time with him and in difficult situations repeated his favorite saying: "Nothing in life can knock us out of the saddle!" Deyev was very fond of Lyonka also because he himself did not have time to have children.

Years have separated true friends, but in moments of loneliness, Deev's brightest memory was the son of his best friend. During the outbreak of the war, Deev accidentally found out about Petrov and was glad that he was at the front and defended his Motherland with honor. But soon the news of his death followed.

After a while, a young lieutenant Petrov arrived at Deev's disposal, in whom the officer did not immediately recognize the son of an old friend. He happily greets Lyonka and repeats his unchanging adage.

The poem culminates in an episode in which one person had to risk his life to save the rest. Deev sends Lyonka on a mission. Such an act looks strange. Many would try to take advantage of their position and save a loved one from danger. Simonov, however, emphasizes that in conditions of mortal danger, the officer is ready to sacrifice even his named son. In addition, Lyonka was a person whom Deev trusted and could rely on. The scene of farewell is very touching, when the same saying becomes a parting word.

Deyev, having sent Lyonka, does not find rest. He mentally imagines the path and all the actions of the lieutenant. Lyonka safely reaches the target and begins directing artillery fire. His sudden call of fire upon himself makes Deev turn pale. But he breaks his fatherly feelings and gives the order to strike. Lyonka and Deev believe that Soviet shells will not be able to harm their soldier. The hero remains alive and already, as a person who has matured in one day, utters a legendary saying in front of Deev.

At the end of the poem, Simonov imagines the general picture of the front and all those people who, with their daily exploits, repeat the fate of the heroes of the work.

The poem may seem too pretentious. But do not forget about the difficult conditions in which it was created. During the Great Patriotic War, the call of fire on oneself was widespread. People neglected their own lives for the sake of a common victory, and family ties did not matter at all.

Was at Major Deev's
Comrade - Major Petrov,
They were still friends with civil,
Since the twenties.
We cut the whites together
Checkers at a gallop,
Then we served together
In the artillery regiment.

Major Petrov
There was Lyonka, beloved son,
Without a mother, at the barracks,
The boy grew up alone.
And if Petrov is away, -
Sometimes, instead of father
His friend stayed
For this tomboy.

Deev will raise him,
Like a second father.
Hooks up a horse again:
- Learn, brother, take barriers!
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.

Earth and rocks flew
Smoke rose in a column
It seemed now from there
Nobody leaves alive.
Third radio signal:
- Germans around me,
Hit four, ten
Do not spare the fire!

He hugged the major before
How to go to the hospital:
- Hold on, father: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
Now Lyonka had ...

SON OF THE ARTILLER
Was at Major Deev's
Comrade - Major Petrov,
They were still friends with civil,
Since the twenties.
We cut the whites together
Checkers at a gallop,
Then we served together
In the artillery regiment.
Major Petrov
There was Lyonka, beloved son,
Without a mother, at the barracks,
The boy grew up alone.
And if Petrov is away, -
Sometimes, instead of father
His friend stayed
For this tomboy.
Deev will call Lenka:
- Well, let's go for a walk:
To the son of an artilleryman
It's time to get used to the horse! -
Together with Lyonka he will go
At a trot, and then into a quarry.
It used to be that Lyonka would pass,
Can't take the barrier
Fall down and whine.
- I see, still a kid! -
Deev will raise him,
Like a second father.
Hooks up a horse again:
- Learn, brother, take barriers!

Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.
Two or three more years passed
And carried away to the sides
Deeva and Petrova
Military craft.
Deev left for the North
I even forgot the address.
Seeing you would be great!
And he did not like letters.
But that must be why
That he himself did not expect children,
About Lyonka with some kind of sadness
Often he remembered.
Ten years have passed.
The silence ended
Thunder rumbled
A war over the homeland.
Deev fought in the North,
In his polar wilderness
Sometimes in the newspapers
I was looking for the names of friends.
Once I found Petrov:
"So, he is alive and well!"
They praised him in the newspaper,
Petrov fought in the South.
Then, coming from the South,
Someone told him
That Petrov, Nikolay Yegorych,
He died heroically in the Crimea.
Deev took out a newspaper,
He asked: "What date?" -
And sadly I realized that the mail
It took too long to come here ...
And soon in one of the cloudy
Northern evenings
Appointed to Deev in the regiment
There was Lieutenant Petrov.
Deev sat over the map
With two smoking candles.
A tall military man entered,
Slanting fathom in the shoulders.
In the first two minutes
The major did not recognize him.
Only the bass of a lieutenant
He reminded of something.
- Well, turn to the light, -
And he brought the candle to him.
All the same baby lips
The same snub nose.
And what a mustache - so in fact it
Shave off! - and the whole conversation.
- Lyonka? - That's right, Lyonka,
He's the one, Comrade Major!
- So, I graduated from school,
Let's serve together.
It's a pity to such happiness
Father did not have to live.
Lyonka's eyes flashed
An uninvited tear.
He, gritting his teeth, silently
He wiped his eyes with his sleeve.
And again it was the major,
As in childhood, tell him:
- Hold on, my boy: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.
And two weeks later
There was a hard battle in the rocks,
To help everyone out, I must
Someone to risk themselves.
The major called Lyonka,
I looked at him point-blank.
- By your order
I have appeared, Comrade Major.
- Well, it's good that you came.
Leave the documents to me.
You will go alone, without a radio operator,
Walkie-talkie on the back.
And across the front, over the rocks,
At night in the German rear
You will walk along such a path
Where no one went.
You will be from there on the radio
Fire batteries.
Is that clear? ”“ That's right, clearly.
- Well, go quickly.
No, wait a little.
The major stood up for a second,
As in childhood, with two hands
Lyonka pressed to him: -
You go to such a thing
It's hard to come back.
As a commander, I am you
I'm not happy to send there.
But as a father ... Answer me:
Father am I to you or not?
- Father, - Lyonka told him
And hugged him back.
- So, like a father, since it turned out
To fight for life and death,
My fatherly duty and right
Risk my son
Before others, I must
Send my son ahead.
Hold on my boy: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.
“Understood me?” “Understood.
May I go? - Go! -
The major stayed in the dugout,
The shells exploded ahead.
Somewhere thundered and hooted.
The major followed the clock.
It would be a hundred times easier for him,
If only he walked.
Twelve ... Now, I guess
He passed through the posts.
Hour ... Now he got there
To the foot of the height.
Two ... He must now be
Crawls to the very ridge.
Three ... Hurry to
The dawn did not catch him.
Deev went out into the air -
How bright the moon shines
Couldn't wait until tomorrow
Cursed be she!
All night walking like a pendulum
Major did not close his eye,
Bye on the radio in the morning
The first signal came:
- It's all right, got there.
Germans to the left of me
Coordinates three, ten,
Hurry, let's fire! -
The guns are loaded
The major calculated everything himself,
And with a roar the first volleys
Hit the mountains.
And again the signal on the radio:
- The Germans rule me,
Coordinates five, ten,
Rather more fire!
Earth and rocks flew
Smoke rose in a column
It seemed now from there
Nobody leaves alive.
Third radio signal:
- Germans around me,
Hit four, ten
Do not spare the fire!
The major turned pale when he heard:
Four, ten - just right
The place where his Lyonka
Should sit now.
But, without giving notice,
Forgetting that he was a father
Major continued to command
With a calm face:
"Fire!" - shells flew.
"Fire!" - load quickly!
Square four, ten
Six batteries broke.
The radio was silent for an hour
Then the signal came:
- Silent: deafened by an explosion.
Hit as I said.
I believe my shells
Can't touch me.
The Germans are running, click
Give a sea of fire!
And at the command post,
Taking the last signal
Major in the deafened radio
Unable to bear it, he shouted:
- You hear me, I believe:
Death cannot take them.
Hold on my boy: in the world
Don't die twice.
No one in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
The major had it.
The infantry went on the attack -
Was clean by noon
From the fleeing Germans
Rocky height.
Corpses were scattered everywhere,
Wounded but alive
Was found in the Lenka gorge
With a tied head.
When the bandage was unwound
That he hastily tied up,
The major looked at Lyonka
And suddenly he did not recognize him:
He seemed to be the same,
Calm and young
All the same boy eyes
But only ... completely gray-haired.
He hugged the major before
How to go to the hospital:
- Hold on, father: in the world
Don't die twice.
Nothing in life can
Knock out of the saddle! -
Such a saying
Now Lyonka had ...
Here's the story
About these glorious deeds
On the Sredny peninsula
Was told to me.
And above, over the mountains,
The moon was still floating
Explosions rumbled close
The war continued.
The phone rattled, and, worrying,
The commander walked around the dugout,
And someone, just like Lyonka,
I went to the Germans in the rear today.

Arrange any missing punctuation marks: specify the number (s), in the place of which (s) in the sentence should be a comma (s).

Deev will call Lenka:

Well, let's go for a walk:

To the son of an artilleryman

It's time (1) to get used to the horse! -

Together with Lyonka he will go

At a trot, and then into a quarry.

It used to be (2) Lyonka would pass,

Can't take the barrier

Fall down and whine.

I see, still a kid! -

Deev will raise him,

Like (3) a second father.

Hooks up a horse again:

Learn (4) brother (5) to take barriers!

Hold on (6) my boy: in the world

Don't die twice.

Nothing in life can

Knock out of the saddle! -

Such a (7) saying

The major had it.

Explanation (see also Rule below).

Here is the correct spelling.

Deev will call Lenka:

Well, let's go for a walk:

To the son of an artilleryman

It's time to get used to the horse! -

Together with Lyonka he will go

At a trot, and then into a quarry.

Used to, Lyonka will pass,

Can't take the barrier

Fall down and whine.

I see, still a kid! -

Deev will raise him,

Like a second father.

Hooks up a horse again:

Learn brother, take barriers!

Hold on my boy: in the world

Don't die twice.

Nothing in life can

Knock out of the saddle! -

Such a saying

The major had it.

Commas 2 mark the introductory word;

4 and 5; 6 calls

Answer: 2456

Relevance: Current academic year

Difficulty: increased

Codifier section: Punctuation marks in sentences with words and constructions grammatically unrelated to the members of the sentence

Rule: Task 18. Introductory words and address

In task 18, the ability to put punctuation marks on words that are grammatically unrelated to a sentence is tested. These include introductory words (constructions, phrases, sentences), plug-in constructions and addresses

In the USE 2016-2017, one part of the 18 tasks will be presented in the form of a narrative sentence with introductory words

The dacha (1) can be (2) called the cradle, from which each of us began to comprehend the world, at first limited to a garden, then a huge street, then plots and (3) finally (4) the entire suburban side.

The other part (judging by the demo version and the book by I.P. Tsybulko Typical exam materials 2017) will look like this:

Arrange punctuation marks: indicate the number (s), in the place of which (s) in the sentence should be (s) a comma (s).

Listen (1) maybe (2) when we leave

Forever this world, where our souls are so cold,

Perhaps (3) in a country where they do not know deception,

You (4) will be an angel, I will become a demon!

Swear then forget (5) darling (6)

For a former friend, all the happiness of paradise!

Let (7) a gloomy exile, condemned by fate,

You will be paradise, and you will be the universe for me!

(M.Yu. Lermontov)

Consider the rules and concepts required to complete this type of assignment.

17.1 The general concept of introductory words and the basic rule for their selection.

Introductory words are words (or phrases) that are not grammatically associated with a sentence and add additional semantic connotations. For example: Obviously, communication with children develops many good qualities in a person; Fortunately, the secret remained a secret.

These values are transmitted not only by introductory words, but also introductory sentences... For example: Evening, Do you remember, the blizzard was angry ..... (Pushkin).

The introductory units are adjacent plug-in structures, which contain various additional comments, corrections and clarifications. Plug-in constructions, like introductory ones, are not associated with other words in the sentence. They cut the offer abruptly. For example: Foreign Literature Journals (two) I ordered to send to Yalta ; Masha talked to him about Rossini (Rossini just came into fashion), about Mozart.

The main mistake of most writers is associated with inaccurate knowledge of the list of introductory words. Therefore, first of all, you should learn which words can be introductory, which groups of introductory words can be highlighted and which words are never introductory.

GROUPS OF INTRODUCTORY WORDS.

1. introductory words expressing the speaker's feelings in connection with what was said: fortunately, unfortunately, unfortunately, unfortunately, unfortunately, unfortunately, what good ...

2. introductory words expressing the speaker's assessment of the degree of reliability of what he said: of course, undoubtedly, of course, indisputable, obviously, certainly, probably, perhaps, true, maybe, must be, it seems, apparently, apparently, essentially, in essence, I think ... This group of introductory words is the most numerous.

3. introductory words indicating the sequence of thoughts expressed and their connection with each other: firstly, so, therefore, in general, it means, by the way, further, however, finally, on the one hand… This group is also quite large and cunning.

4. introductory words indicating techniques and ways of forming thoughts: in a word, in other words, in other words, or rather, more precisely, so to speak ...

5. introductory words indicating the source of the message: they say, in my opinion, in words ..., in hearsay, in information ... in opinion ..., in my opinion, I remember ...

6. introductory words, which are the speaker's address to the interlocutor: see (do), you know, understand, forgive, please, agree ...

7. introductory words indicating the assessment of the measure of what is said: at the most, at least ...

8. introductory words showing the degree of commonality of what was said: it happens, it happened, as usual ...

9. introductory words expressing the expressiveness of the utterance: joking apart, it's funny to say, frankly speaking, between us ...

17.1. 1 ARE NOT INTRODUCTORY WORDS and therefore the following words are not separated by commas in the letter:

literally, as if, in addition, all of a sudden, after all, there, over there, hardly, after all, in the end, hardly, even, precisely, exclusively, as if, as if, just, meanwhile, almost, therefore, because, approximately, approximately, moreover, moreover, simply, decisively, as if ... - this group includes particles and adverbs, which most often turn out to be mistakenly isolated as introductory ones.

by tradition, by advice ..., by order ..., by request ..., by order ..., by design ... - these combinations act as non-separate (not separated by commas) members of the sentence:

On the advice of her older sister, she decided to enter Moscow State University.

By order of the doctor, the patient was put on a strict diet.

17.1. 2 Depending on the context, the same words can act either as introductory words or as members of a sentence.

MAYS and MAYBE, SHOULD BE, SEEMS (FEELING) act as inputs if they indicate the degree of reliability of the reported:

Maybe, will I come tomorrow? Our teacher has been gone for two days; may be, he is ill. You, should be, this is the first time you meet such a phenomenon. I AM, seems, I saw him somewhere.

The same words can appear in the role of predicates:

What can meeting you bring me? How can a person be so dispensable! This should be your own decision. It all seems very suspicious to me. Note: you can never throw out its predicate from a sentence, but the introductory word can.

OBVIOUS, POSSIBLY, VISIBLY turn out to be introductory if they indicate the degree of reliability of the statement:

You, obviously, do you want to apologize for your act? Next month I, Maybe, I'm leaving to rest. You, it is seen do you want to tell us the whole truth?

The same words can be part of predicates:

It became obvious to everyone that they had to look for another way to solve the problem. This became possible thanks to the coordinated actions of the fire brigade. The sun is not visible because of the clouds.

PROBABLY, CORRECT, EXACTLY, NATURALLY turn out to be introductory when indicating the degree of reliability of the reported (in this case they are interchangeable or can be replaced by words of this group that are close in meaning) - You, probably (= should be) and you don’t understand how important it is to do it on time. You, right, is there the same Sidorov? She, exactly, was a beauty. All this reasoning naturally, so far only our assumptions.

The same words turn out to be members of the sentence (circumstances) - He correctly (= correctly, the circumstance of the course of action) translated the text. Probably I don’t know (= for sure, the circumstance of the course of action), but he had to do it to spite me. The student has solved the problem accurately (= correctly). This naturally (= naturally) led us to the only correct answer.

BTW, it is an introductory word if it indicates the connection of thoughts:

He's a good athlete. by the way, he studies well too.

The same word does not appear as an introductory word in the meaning of "at the same time":

I'll go for a walk and buy some bread by the way.

BETWEEN THE OTHER turns out to be an introductory word, indicating the connection of thoughts:

Her parents, girlfriends and, by the way, the best friend against the trip.

This word can be used as a non-introductory word in the context:

He made a long speech, in which, among other things, he noted that he would soon become our boss.

FIRST OF ALL, as an introductory word, indicates the connection of thoughts:

First of all(= first), is it necessary to bring up such a sensitive topic at all?

The same word can act as a circumstance of time (= first):

First of all, I want to say hello from your parents.

It must be said that in the same phrase "first of all" can be considered as introductory, or not, depending on the will of the author.

REALLY, UNDEFINITELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, PROPERLY will be introductory if they indicate the degree of reliability of the reported:

From this hill really(= sure, indeed, without any doubt), the best view was. Undoubtedly(= really, really) your child is capable of music. He, undoubtedly, read this novel. - or to the reception of the formation of thoughts - Here, actually, and the whole story.

The same words are not introductory if they act in other meanings:

I really am what you imagined me to be (= really, really). He was undoubtedly a talented composer (= no doubt, really). She is certainly right in offering us such a simple way to solve the problem (= very even, quite right). I didn’t actually mind the school, but I didn’t want to go to this one (= in general, exactly). The words "really" and "certainly", depending on the intonation suggested by the speaker, can be either introductory or not in the same context.

AND, after, she turned out to be a celebrity. Further, we will talk about our findings. Thus(= so), our results do not contradict those obtained by other scientists. She is smart, beautiful and, finally, she is very kind to me. What, eventually, do you want from me? Usually sentences containing the above words complete a series of enumerations, the words themselves have the meaning "and more". In the context above, the words "first", "second", "on the one hand", etc. may be encountered. Thus, in the sense of the introductory word, it turns out to be not only the completion of the enumeration, but also the output.

The same words are not highlighted as introductory in the meanings: "in this way" = "in this way":

Thus, he was able to move the heavy cabinet.

Usually in the previous context, the circumstances of the time are encountered, for example, "first". "Then" = "then, after that":

And then he became a famous scientist.

"Finally" = "at the end, at last, after everything, as a result of everything":

Finally, all the cases were successfully completed. Usually, in this sense, the particle "-that" can be added to the word "finally", which cannot be done if "finally" is the introductory word. In the same meanings that are indicated above for "finally", the combination "finally" is not an introductory combination:

In the end (= as a result) an agreement was reached.

HOWEVER, it is introductory if it appears in the middle or at the end of a sentence:

Rain, but, was already the second week, despite forecasts of weather forecasters. How dexterous I am, but!

"However" does not turn out to be an introductory one at the beginning of a sentence and at the beginning of a part of a complex sentence, when it acts as an adversarial union (= but): However, people did not want to believe in his good intentions. We weren't hoping for a meeting, but we were lucky.

We draw your attention to the fact that sometimes the word "however" can appear at the beginning of a sentence, but not perform the function of a union: but, it's incredibly difficult.

GENERALLY, it is introductory in the meaning of "generally speaking" when it indicates the way thoughts are formed:

His works, generally, is of interest only to a narrow circle of specialists. In other meanings, the word "in general" is an adverb in the meaning "as a whole, absolutely, in all respects, under all conditions, always":

Ostrovsky is for Russian theater what Pushkin is for literature in general. Under the new law, smoking in the workplace is generally prohibited.

IN MY, IN YOUR, IN YOUR, IN OUR, IN YOUR opinion, are introductory, indicating the source of the message:

Your child, to my mind caught a cold. It, In your, proves something? The word "in his own way" is not introductory: He is right in his own way.

Of course, it is most often introductory, indicates the degree of reliability of the statement:

We, Certainly, ready to help you in everything.

Sometimes this word does not stand out if it is intonationally highlighted in a tone of confidence, conviction. In this case, the word "of course" is considered an amplifying particle: I would certainly agree if you had warned me in advance.

IN ANY CASE, it is more often introductory and is used to assess:

I AM, anyway, I would not like to remember this. These words, anyway, testify to the seriousness of his attitude towards life.

In the meaning of "always, under any circumstances", this combination is not introductory:

I AM anyway was supposed to meet him today and talk to him.

IN REALITY, it is more often NOT introductory, speaking in the meaning of "really" - Petya is really well versed in computers. I really have nothing to do with it. Less often, this phrase turns out to be introductory, if it serves to express bewilderment, indignation - What are you, Indeed, are you pretending to be a smart guy?

IN CURRENT it can be introductory, when it indicates the connection of thoughts or the way of forming thoughts:

Among many modern writers, Vladimir Sorokin is of interest, and among his books, in turn, you can especially highlight "Roman". Asking me to help him in his work, he, in turn, too, did not mess around. The same phrase can be non-vocal in the meanings "in response", "on their part" (= when it’s turn) - Masha, in turn, talked about how she spent the summer.

MEAN is introductory if it can be replaced by the words "hence", "therefore":

The message is complex, means, it needs to be handed over today. The rain has already ended means, we can go for a walk. If she fights us so hard means she feels right.

This word may turn out to be a predicate, close in meaning to "means":

The dog means more to him than his wife. When you are truly friends with a person, it means that you trust him in everything. "Means" can be between the subject and the predicate, especially when they are expressed by infinitives. In this case, a dash is placed before "means":

To be offended is to admit that you are weak. Friendship means trusting your friend.

CONVERSE is introductory if it indicates a connection of thoughts:

He didn't want to offend her, but, vice versa, tried to ask her for forgiveness. Instead of playing sports, she vice versa, sits at home all day.

The combination "and vice versa", which can act as a homogeneous member of a sentence, is not an introductory one, it is used as a word replacing a whole sentence or part of it:

In the spring, girls change: brunettes become blondes and vice versa (i.e. blondes are brunettes). The more you study, the higher the grades you get, and vice versa (that is, if you do little, the grades will be bad; the comma before "and" appears at the end of the part of the sentence - it turns out, as it were, a compound sentence, where "on the contrary" replaces it with the second part). I know that he will fulfill my request and vice versa (ie I will fulfill it, before "and" there is no comma, since "vice versa" replaces a homogeneous clause).

AT LEAST introductory if grades matter:

Misha, at least, knows how to behave, and does not pick in his teeth with a fork.

This phrase can be used in the meanings "not less than", "at least", then it is not isolated:

She will at least know that her father did not live his life in vain. At least five of the class must take part in cross-country skiing.

FROM THE POINT OF VIEW is introductory in the meaning of "in opinion":

From my grandmother's point of view, the girl should not wear pants. Her answer from the point of view of examiners, deserves the highest praise.

The same turnover can have the meaning "in relation" and then it is not introductory:

The work is going according to plan in terms of timelines. If we evaluate the behavior of the heroes of some literary works from the point of view of modern morality, then it should be considered immoral.

IN PARTICULAR it stands out as an introductory if it indicates the connection of thoughts in the statement: She is interested, in particular, the question of the contribution of this scientist to the development of the theory of relativity. The firm takes an active part in charitable activities and, in particular, helps orphanage No. 187.

If the combination IN PARTICULAR appears at the beginning or at the end of the connecting structure, then it is not separated from this structure (this will be discussed in more detail in the next section):

I love books about animals, in particular about dogs. My friends, in particular Masha and Vadim, were vacationing in Spain this summer. The specified combination is not distinguished as an introductory one if it is connected by the union "and" with the word "in general":

The conversation turned to politics in general and, in particular, to the latest government decisions.

MAINLY it is introductory, when it is used to evaluate a fact, to highlight it in a statement: The textbook should be rewritten and, mainly, add such chapters to it ... The room was used on special occasions and, mainly, for the organization of ceremonial dinners.

This combination can be part of the connecting structure, in this case, if it is at its beginning or at the end, it is not separated from the structure itself by a comma:

Many Russian people mainly representatives of the intelligentsia did not believe the promises of the government.

In the meaning of "first of all", "most of all" this combination is not introductory and does not stand out:

He was afraid of writing mainly because of his illiteracy. I like him mainly about his attitude towards his parents.

FOR EXAMPLE will always be introductory, but it is formatted differently. It can be separated by commas on both sides:

Pavel Petrovich is a person extremely attentive to his appearance, for example, he carefully looks after his nails. If "for example" appears at the beginning or at the end of an already isolated member, then it is not separated by a comma from this turnover:

In many big cities for example in Moscow, an unfavorable environmental situation is developing. Some works of Russian writers, for example"Eugene Onegin" or "War and Peace" served as the basis for creating a feature film not only in Russia, but also in other countries. In addition, after "for example" there can be a colon, if "for example" is after the general word before a number of homogeneous members:

Some fruits can cause allergies, for example: oranges, tangerines, pineapple, red berries.

17.1.3 There are special cases of punctuation marks in introductory words.

To highlight introductory words and sentences, not only commas can be used, but also dashes, as well as combinations of dashes and commas.

These cases are not included in the secondary school course and are not used in the USE assignments. But some of the phrases that are often used need to be remembered. Here are examples from the Rosenthal Punctuation Handbook.

So, if the introductory combination forms an incomplete construction (any word that can be restored from the context is missing), then it is separated by a comma and a dash: Makarenko has repeatedly emphasized that pedagogy is based, one side, on boundless trust in a person, and with another- on high requirements for him; Chichikov ordered to stop for two reasons: one side to give rest to the horses, with another- to rest and refresh yourself(the comma before the subordinate clause is "absorbed" by the dash); One side, it was important to make an urgent decision, but caution was required - with another.

17.2 General concept of circulation and the basic rule of its allocation.

First included in the USE assignments in 2016-2017. Students will have to look for references in poetry, which greatly complicates the task.

Appeals are words that name the person to whom they are speaking. The address has the form of a nominative case and is pronounced with a special intonation: Tatyana, dear Tatyana! With you now I shed tears... Appeals are usually expressed with animate nouns, as well as adjectives and participles in the meaning of nouns. For example: Use life living ... In fictional speech, inanimate nouns can also be addressed. For example: Make noise, make noise docile sail ; Don't make noise rye, ripe ear.

Personal pronouns you and you tend to be not in the role of appeal, and in the role of the subject: Sorry, peaceful valleys, and you , familiar mountains tops, and you , familiar forests!

17.1.2. There are also more complex rules for highlighting calls.

1. If the address at the beginning of the sentence is pronounced with an exclamation intonation, then an exclamation mark is placed after it (the word following the address is written with a capital letter): Old man! Forget about the former; Young native of Naples! What did you leave in Russia on the field?

2. If the address is at the end of a sentence, then a comma is placed in front of it, and after it - the punctuation mark that is required by the content and intonation of the sentence: Think master of culture; Hello to you, people of peaceful labor !; Are you here, dear?; You are a pig brother…

3. Repeated calls are separated by comma or exclamation mark: Wide steppe, deserted steppe, why are you looking so cloudy?; Hello, wind, formidable wind, tailwind of world history!; Vaska! Vaska! Vaska! Great!

4.Homogeneous treatment, united by a union and or Yes, not comma separated: Sing along people, cities and rivers! Sing along mountains, steppes and fields!; Hello, the sun and the morning is cheerful!

5. If there are several calls to one person located in different places of the sentence, each of them is separated by commas: Ivan Ilyich, order brother, about the snack; ... I because Thomas isn't it better brother, breake down?

6. If a widespread appeal is "broken" in other words - the members of the proposal, then each part of the appeal is separated by commas according to the general rule: Stronger horse, hit, hoof rapping step! ; For blood and tears who yearned for reckoning we see you forty first year.

The son of an artilleryman. Konstantin Simonov son of an artilleryman There are also more complex rules for identifying appeals

Analysis of the poem "The Son of an Artilleryman" by Simonov

17.1 The general concept of introductory words and the basic rule for their selection.

17.1. 1 ARE NOT INTRODUCTORY WORDS and therefore the following words are not separated by commas in the letter:

17.1. 2 Depending on the context, the same words can act either as introductory words or as members of a sentence.

17.1.3 There are special cases of punctuation marks in introductory words.

17.2 General concept of circulation and the basic rule of its allocation.

17.1.2. There are also more complex rules for highlighting calls.

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