BASIC LAWS OF PHYSICS

[Mechanics | Thermodynamics | Electricity | Optics | Atomic Physics]

ENERGIES OF CONSERVATION AND TRANSFORMATION A LAW is a general law of nature: the energy of any closed system for all processes occurring in the system remains constant (conserved). Energy can only transform from one form into another and redistribute between parts of the system. For an open system, an increase (decrease) in its energy is equal to a decrease (increase) in the energy of bodies and physical fields interacting with it.

1. MECHANICS

ARCHIMEDA LAW - the law of hydro- and aerostatics: a buoyant force acts on a body immersed in a liquid or gas, directed vertically upwards, numerically equal to the weight of the liquid or gas displaced by the body, and applied at the center of gravity of the submerged part of the body. FA = gV, where r is the density of the liquid or gas, V is the volume of the submerged part of the body. Otherwise, it can be formulated as follows: a body immersed in a liquid or gas loses in its weight as much as the liquid (or gas) displaced by it weighs. Then P = mg - FA Opened other gr. scientist Archimedes in 212. BC. It is the basis of the theory of swimming bodies.

WORLD GRAVITY LAW is Newton's law of gravity: all bodies are attracted to each other with a force directly proportional to the product of the masses of these bodies and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them: where M and m are the masses of interacting bodies, R is the distance between these bodies, G is the gravitational constant (in SI G = 6.67.10-11 N.m2 / kg2.

GALILEYA PRINCIPLE OF RELATIVITY, the mechanical principle of relativity - the principle of classical mechanics: in any inertial reference frames, all mechanical phenomena proceed in the same way under the same conditions. Wed relativity principle.

HOOK LAW - the law according to which elastic deformations are directly proportional to the external influences causing them.

IMPULSE CONSERVATION LAW is a law of mechanics: the impulse of any closed system for all processes occurring in the system remains constant (conserved) and can only be redistributed between the parts of the system as a result of their interaction.

NEWTON'S LAWS are the three laws underlying Newtonian classical mechanics. 1st law (law of inertia): a material point is in a state of rectilinear and uniform motion or rest, if other bodies do not act on it or the action of these bodies is compensated. 2nd law (basic law of dynamics): the acceleration received by the body is directly proportional to the resultant of all forces acting on the body, and inversely proportional to the mass of the body (). 3rd law: two material points interact with each other by forces of the same nature, equal in magnitude and opposite in direction along the straight line connecting these points ().

RELATIVITY PRINCIPLE - one of the postulates of the theory of relativity, asserting that in any inertial reference frames all physical (mechanical, electromagnetic, etc.) phenomena under the same conditions proceed in the same way. Is a generalization of Galileo's principle of relativity to all physical phenomena (except for gravitation).

2. MOLECULAR PHYSICS AND THERMODYNAMICS

AVOGADRO LAW is one of the basic laws of ideal gases: equal volumes of different gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. Opened in 1811, Italian. physicist A. Avogadro (1776-1856).

BOYLE-MARIOTTA'S LAW is one of the laws of an ideal gas: for a given mass of a given gas at a constant temperature, the product of pressure and volume is a constant value. Formula: pV = const. Describes an isothermal process.

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS - one of the basic laws of thermodynamics, according to which a periodic process is impossible, the only result of which is the performance of work equivalent to the amount of heat received from the heater. Another formulation: a process is impossible, the only result of which is the transfer of energy in the form of heat from a less heated body to a more heated one. V.Z.t. expresses the tendency of a system consisting of a large number of chaotically moving particles to a spontaneous transition from less probable states to more probable states. Prohibits the creation of a perpetual motion machine of the second kind.

GAY-LUSSAK'S LAW - gas law: for a given mass of a given gas at constant pressure, the ratio of volume to absolute temperature is a constant value, where = 1/273 K-1 is the temperature coefficient of volumetric expansion.

DALTON'S LAW - one of the basic gas laws: the pressure of a mixture of chemically non-interacting ideal gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of these gases.

PASCAL'S LAW - the basic law of hydrostatics: the pressure produced by external forces on the surface of a liquid or gas is transmitted equally in all directions.

THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS is one of the basic laws of thermodynamics, which is the law of conservation of energy for a thermodynamic system: the amount of heat Q imparted to the system is spent on changing the internal energy of the system U and performing work A against external forces by the system. Formula: Q = U + A. Underlies the work of heat engines.

CHARLES'S LAW is one of the basic gas laws: the pressure of a given mass of an ideal gas at a constant volume is directly proportional to the temperature: where p0 is the pressure at 00С, = 1 / 273.15 K-1 is the temperature coefficient of pressure.

3. ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

AMPERA LAW - the law of interaction of two conductors with currents; parallel conductors with currents of one direction attract, and with currents of the opposite direction, they are repelled. A.Z. also called the law that determines the force acting in a magnetic field on a small section of a conductor with a current. Opened in 1820. A.-M. Ampere.

JOULE-LENZ LAW is a law that describes the thermal effect of an electric current. According to D. - L.z. the amount of heat released in a conductor when a direct current passes through it is directly proportional to the square of the current strength, the resistance of the conductor and the transit time.

CHARGE CONSERVATION LAW - one of the fundamental laws of nature: the algebraic sum of the electric charges of any electrically isolated system remains unchanged. In an electrically isolated system, Z.s.c. allows the appearance of new charged particles (for example, during electrolytic dissociation, ionization of gases, the production of particle-antiparticle pairs, etc.), but the total electric charge of the particles that appear must always be zero.

PENDANT LAW - the basic law of electrostatics, expressing the dependence of the interaction force of two stationary point charges on the distance between them: two stationary point charges interact with a force directly proportional to the product of the values ​​of these charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and the dielectric constant of the medium in which the charges are located. In SI it looks like:. The value is numerically equal to the force acting between two stationary point charges of 1 C each, located in a vacuum at a distance of 1 m from each other. K.z. is one of the experimental foundations of electrodynamics.

LEFT HAND RULE - a rule that determines the direction of the force that acts on a conductor with current in a magnetic field (or a moving charged particle). It reads: if the left hand is positioned so that the outstretched fingers show the direction of the current (particle velocity), and the lines of force of the magnetic field (lines of magnetic induction) enter the palm, then the thumbs aside will indicate the direction of the force acting on the conductor (positive particle; in in the case of a negative particle, the direction of the force is opposite).

LENZA RULE (LAW) - a rule that determines the direction of induction currents arising from electromagnetic induction. According to L. p. the induction current always has such a direction that its own magnetic flux compensates for the changes in the external magnetic flux that caused this current. L. p. - a consequence of the law of conservation of energy.

OHMA LAW is one of the basic laws of electric current: the strength of a direct electric current in a section of a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage at the ends of this section and inversely proportional to its resistance. This is true for metallic conductors and electrolytes, the temperature of which is kept constant. In the case of a complete circuit, it is formulated as follows: the strength of a direct electric current in the circuit is directly proportional to the emf of the current source and inversely proportional to the total resistance of the electric circuit.

OF THE RIGHT HAND RULE - a rule that determines 1) the direction of the induction current in a conductor moving in a magnetic field: if the palm of the right hand is positioned so that the lines of magnetic induction enter it, and the bent thumb is directed along the movement

The conductor, then four extended fingers will show the direction of the induction current; 2) the direction of the lines of magnetic induction of a rectilinear conductor with a current: if the thumb of the right hand is placed in the direction of the current, then the direction of the wrap of the conductor with four fingers will show the direction of the lines of magnetic induction.

FARADAY'S LAWS - The basic laws of electrolysis. Faraday's first law: the mass of a substance released at the electrode during the passage of an electric current is directly proportional to the amount of electricity (charge) passed through the electrolyte (m = kq = kIt). Second FZ: the ratio of the masses of various substances undergoing chemical transformations on the electrodes when the same electric charges pass through the electrolyte is equal to the ratio of chemical equivalents. Installed in 1833-34 by M. Faraday. The generalized law of electrolysis has the form:, where M is the molar (atomic) mass, z is the valence, F is the Faraday constant. F.p. is equal to the product of an elementary electric charge and Avogadro's constant. F = e.NA. Determines the charge, the passage of which through the electrolyte leads to the release of 1 mole of a monovalent substance on the electrode. F = (96484.56 0.27) Cl / mol. Named after M. Faraday.

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION LAW - a law describing the phenomenon of the appearance of an electric field when the magnetic field changes (the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction): the electromotive force of induction is directly proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux. The proportionality coefficient is determined by the system of units, the sign - by the Lenz rule. Formula in SI:, where Ф is the change in magnetic flux, and t is the time interval during which this change occurred. Discovered by M. Faraday.

4. OPTICS

HUYGENS'S PRINCIPLE - a method that allows you to determine the position of the wave front at any time. According to G. p. all points through which the wave front passes at time t are sources of secondary spherical waves, and the desired position of the wave front at time t t coincides with the surface enveloping all secondary waves. Allows you to explain the laws of reflection and refraction of light.

HUYGENS - FRENEL - PRINCIPLE - an approximate method for solving problems of wave propagation. G.-F. The item reads: at any point outside an arbitrary closed surface covering a point light source, the light wave excited by this source can be represented as a result of the interference of secondary waves emitted by all points of the specified closed surface. Allows you to solve the simplest problems of light diffraction.

WAVE REFLECTIONS LAW - an incident ray, the reflected ray and the perpendicular to the point of incidence of the ray lie in the same plane, and the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction. The law is true for mirroring.

REFRACTIVE OF LIGHT - a change in the direction of propagation of light (electromagnetic wave) when passing from one medium to another, which differs from the first in the refractive index. For refraction, the law is fulfilled: the incident ray, the refracted ray and the perpendicular to the point of incidence of the ray lie in the same plane, and for these two media, the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant value called the relative refractive index of the second medium relative to the first.

LINEAR SPREAD OF LIGHT A LAW - the law of geometrical optics, which consists in the fact that in a homogeneous medium, light propagates in a straight line. Explains, for example, the formation of shade and partial shade.

6. ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

BORA POSTULATES - the main assumptions introduced without proof by N. Bohr and underlying the BORA THEORY: 1) An atomic system is stable only in stationary states that correspond to a discrete sequence of atomic energy values. Each change in this energy is associated with a complete transition of the atom from one stationary state to another. 2) The absorption and emission of energy by an atom occurs according to the law, according to which the radiation associated with the transition is monochromatic and has a frequency: h = Ei-Ek, where h is the Planck constant, and Ei and Ek are the energies of the atom in stationary states

According to this law, the process, the only result of which is the transfer of energy in the form of heat from a colder body to a warmer one, is impossible without changes in the system itself and the environment.
The second law of thermodynamics expresses the tendency of a system consisting of a large number of chaotically moving particles to a spontaneous transition from less probable states to more probable ones. Prohibits the creation of a perpetual motion machine of the second kind.
Equal volumes of ideal gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
The law was discovered in 1811 by the Italian physicist A. Avogadro (1776–1856).
The law of interaction of two currents flowing in conductors located at a small distance from each other says: parallel conductors with currents of one direction are attracted, and with currents of the opposite direction they are repelled.
The law was discovered in 1820 by A. M. Amper.
The law of hydro and aerostatics: a body immersed in a liquid or gas is subjected to a buoyant force directed vertically upward, equal to the weight of the liquid or gas displaced by the body, and applied at the center of gravity of the submerged part of the body. FA = gV, where g is the density of the liquid or gas, V is the volume of the submerged part of the body.
Otherwise, the law can be formulated as follows: a body immersed in a liquid or gas loses in its weight as much as the liquid (or gas) displaced by it weighs. Then P = mg - FA.
The law was discovered by the ancient Greek scientist Archimedes in 212 BC. NS. It is the basis of the theory of swimming bodies.
One of the laws of an ideal gas: at a constant temperature, the product of gas pressure and its volume is a constant value. Formula: pV = const. Describes an isothermal process. The law of universal gravitation, or Newton's law of gravitation: all bodies are attracted to each other with a force directly proportional to the product of the masses of these bodies and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. According to this law, the elastic deformations of a solid are directly proportional to the external influences causing them. Describes the thermal effect of an electric current: the amount of heat released in a conductor when a direct current passes through it is directly proportional to the square of the current strength, the resistance of the conductor, and the transit time. Discovered by Joule and Lenz independently in the 19th century. The basic law of electrostatics, expressing the dependence of the interaction force of two stationary point charges on the distance between them: two stationary point charges interact with a force directly proportional to the product of the values ​​of these charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and the dielectric constant of the medium in which the charges are located. The value is numerically equal to the force acting between two stationary point charges of 1 C each located in a vacuum at a distance of 1 m from each other.
Coulomb's law is one of the experimental foundations of electrodynamics. Opened in 1785.
One of the basic laws of electric current: the strength of a direct electric current in a section of a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage at the ends of this section and inversely proportional to its resistance. This is true for metallic conductors and electrolytes, the temperature of which is kept constant. In the case of a complete circuit, it is formulated as follows: the strength of a direct electric current in the circuit is directly proportional to the emf of the current source and inversely proportional to the total resistance of the electric circuit.

Opened in 1826 by G. S. Om.

Description

In order for a certain connection to be called a physical law, it must meet the following requirements:

• Empirical evidence. A physical law is considered true if it is confirmed by repeated experiments.
• Versatility. The law must be valid for a large number of objects. Ideally, for all objects in the Universe.
• Stability. Physical laws do not change over time, although they can be recognized as approximations to more precise laws.

Physical laws are usually expressed in the form of a short verbal statement or a compact mathematical formula:

Examples of

Main article: List of physical laws

Some of the most famous physical laws are:

Principle laws

Some physical laws are universal in nature and in their essence are definitions. Such laws are often referred to as principles. These include, for example, Newton's second law (definition of force), the law of conservation of energy (definition of energy), the principle of least action (definition of action), etc.

Corollary laws of symmetries

Some of the physical laws are simple consequences of some symmetries that exist in the system. Thus, the conservation laws, according to Noether's theorem, are consequences of the symmetry of space and time. And Pauli's principle, for example, is a consequence of the identity of electrons (the antisymmetry of their wave function with respect to the permutation of particles).

Approximation of laws

All physical laws are a consequence of empirical observation and are correct with the same precision with which experimental observations are correct. This limitation does not allow one to claim that any of the laws are absolute. It is known that some of the laws are certainly not absolutely exact, but are approximations to more accurate ones. So, Newton's laws are valid only for sufficiently massive bodies moving at speeds much lower than the speed of light. The laws of quantum mechanics and the special theory of relativity are more precise. However, they, in turn, are approximations of more exact equations of quantum field theory.

see also

Notes (edit)

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It is natural and correct to be interested in the surrounding world and the laws of its functioning and development. That is why it is reasonable to pay attention to natural sciences, for example, physics, which explains the very essence of the formation and development of the Universe. Basic physical laws are easy to understand. Already at a very young age, the school acquaints children with these principles.

For many, this science begins with the textbook "Physics (grade 7)". The basic concepts of and and thermodynamics are revealed to schoolchildren, they get acquainted with the core of the main physical laws. But should knowledge be limited to the school bench? What physical laws should every person know? This will be discussed later in the article.

Science physics

Many nuances of the described science are familiar to everyone from early childhood. And this is due to the fact that, in essence, physics is one of the areas of natural science. It tells about the laws of nature, the action of which affects the life of everyone, and in many respects even provides it, about the features of matter, its structure and laws of motion.

The term "physics" was first recorded by Aristotle in the fourth century BC. Initially, it was synonymous with the concept of "philosophy". After all, both sciences had a common goal - to correctly explain all the mechanisms of the functioning of the Universe. But already in the sixteenth century, as a result of the scientific revolution, physics became independent.

General law

Some of the basic laws of physics are applied in a variety of branches of science. In addition to them, there are those that are considered to be common to all of nature. This is about

It implies that the energy of each closed system is by all means conserved when any phenomena occur in it. Nevertheless, it is capable of transforming into another form and effectively changing its quantitative content in various parts of the named system. At the same time, in an open system, the energy decreases under the condition of an increase in the energy of any bodies and fields that interact with it.

In addition to the above general principle, physics contains the basic concepts, formulas, laws that are necessary for the interpretation of the processes taking place in the surrounding world. Exploring them can be incredibly fun. Therefore, this article will consider the basic laws of physics briefly, and in order to understand them deeper, it is important to pay full attention to them.

Mechanics

Young scientists open many of the basic laws of physics in grades 7-9 of the school, where such a branch of science as mechanics is more fully studied. Its basic principles are described below.

1. Galileo's law of relativity (also called the mechanical law of relativity, or the basis of classical mechanics). The essence of the principle is that under similar conditions mechanical processes in any inertial reference frames are completely identical.
2. Hooke's Law. Its essence is that the greater is the impact on the elastic body (spring, rod, console, beam) from the side, the greater is its deformation.

Newton's laws (represent the basis of classical mechanics):

1. The principle of inertia says that any body is capable of being at rest or moving evenly and rectilinearly only if no other bodies act on it in any way, or if they somehow compensate for each other's action. To change the speed of movement, it is necessary to act on the body with some kind of force, and, of course, the result of the action of the same force on bodies of different sizes will also differ.
2. The main regularity of the dynamics states that the greater the resultant of the forces that are currently acting on a given body, the greater the acceleration it receives. And, accordingly, the more body weight, the less this indicator.
3. Newton's third law says that any two bodies always interact with each other according to an identical scheme: their forces are of the same nature, are equivalent in magnitude and necessarily have the opposite direction along the straight line that connects these bodies.
4. The principle of relativity asserts that all phenomena occurring under the same conditions in inertial reference frames are absolutely identical.

Thermodynamics

The school textbook, which reveals the basic laws to students ("Physics. Grade 7"), introduces them to the basics of thermodynamics. We will briefly discuss its principles below.

The laws of thermodynamics, which are basic in this branch of science, are of a general nature and are not related to the details of the structure of a particular substance at the atomic level. By the way, these principles are important not only for physics, but also for chemistry, biology, aerospace engineering, etc.

For example, in the named industry there is a rule that does not lend itself to logical definition that in a closed system, the external conditions for which are unchanged, an equilibrium state is established over time. And the processes going on in it invariably compensate each other.

Another rule of thermodynamics confirms the tendency of a system, which consists of a colossal number of particles characterized by chaotic motion, to an independent transition from states less probable for the system to more probable ones.

And the Gay-Lussac law (also called it states that for a gas of a certain mass under conditions of stable pressure, the result of dividing its volume by the absolute temperature will certainly become a constant value.

Another important rule of this industry is the first law of thermodynamics, which is also commonly called the principle of conservation and conversion of energy for a thermodynamic system. According to him, any amount of heat that was imparted to the system will be spent exclusively on the metamorphosis of its internal energy and the performance of work by it in relation to any acting external forces. It is this regularity that became the basis for the formation of a scheme for the operation of heat engines.

Another gas pattern is Charles's law. It states that the greater the pressure of a certain mass of an ideal gas while maintaining a constant volume, the higher its temperature.

Electricity

It reveals to young scientists the interesting basic laws of physics in the 10th grade of the school. At this time, the main principles of the nature and laws of the action of electric current, as well as other nuances, are being studied.

Ampere's law, for example, states that conductors connected in parallel, through which current flows in the same direction, inevitably attract, and in the case of the opposite direction of the current, respectively, repel. Sometimes the same name is used for the physical law, which determines the force acting in the existing magnetic field on a small section of a conductor that is currently conducting current. They call it that - the power of Ampere. This discovery was made by a scientist in the first half of the nineteenth century (namely in 1820).

The law of conservation of charge is one of the basic principles of nature. It states that the algebraic sum of all electric charges arising in any electrically isolated system is always conserved (becomes constant). Despite this, the named principle does not exclude the appearance of new charged particles in such systems as a result of certain processes. Nevertheless, the total electric charge of all newly formed particles must certainly be zero.

Coulomb's law is one of the fundamental in electrostatics. It expresses the principle of the force of interaction between stationary point charges and explains the quantitative calculation of the distance between them. Coulomb's law makes it possible to substantiate the basic principles of electrodynamics in an experimental way. It says that stationary point charges will certainly interact with each other with a force, which is the higher, the greater the product of their values ​​and, accordingly, the smaller, the smaller the square of the distance between the charges under consideration and the medium in which the described interaction takes place.

Ohm's Law is one of the basic principles of electricity. It states that the greater the strength of a direct electric current acting on a certain section of the circuit, the greater the voltage at its ends.

They call a principle that allows you to determine the direction in a conductor of a current moving under the influence of a magnetic field in a certain way. To do this, position the right hand so that the lines of magnetic induction figuratively touch the open palm, and extend the thumb in the direction of movement of the conductor. In this case, the remaining four straightened fingers will determine the direction of movement of the induction current.

Also, this principle helps to find out the exact location of the lines of magnetic induction of a straight conductor conducting current at a given moment. It happens like this: place the thumb of your right hand so that it points and with the other four fingers grasp the conductor in a figurative manner. The location of these fingers will demonstrate the exact direction of the magnetic induction lines.

The principle of electromagnetic induction is a pattern that explains the process of operation of transformers, generators, and electric motors. This law is as follows: in a closed loop, the generated induction is the greater, the greater the rate of change of the magnetic flux.

Optics

The "Optics" branch also reflects part of the school curriculum (basic laws of physics: grades 7-9). Therefore, these principles are not as difficult to understand as they might seem at first glance. Their study brings with it not just additional knowledge, but a better understanding of the surrounding reality. The basic laws of physics that can be attributed to the study of optics are as follows:

1. Guines principle. It is a method that effectively determines the exact position of the wave front at any given fraction of a second. Its essence is as follows: all points that are in the path of the wave front at a certain fraction of a second, in essence, themselves become sources of spherical waves (secondary), while the placement of the wave front at the same fraction of a second is identical to the surface , which bends around all spherical waves (secondary). This principle is used to explain the existing laws related to the refraction of light and its reflection.
2. The Huygens-Fresnel principle reflects an effective method for resolving wave propagation issues. He helps explain the elementary problems associated with diffraction of light.
3. waves. It is used equally for reflection in a mirror. Its essence lies in the fact that both the falling beam and the one that was reflected, as well as the perpendicular built from the point of incidence of the beam, are located in a single plane. It is also important to remember that in this case the angle at which the beam falls is always absolutely equal to the angle of refraction.
4. The principle of light refraction. This is a change in the trajectory of motion of an electromagnetic wave (light) at the moment of movement from one homogeneous medium to another, which significantly differs from the first in a number of refractive indices. The speed of propagation of light in them is different.
5. The law of rectilinear light propagation. In essence, it is a law related to the field of geometric optics, and consists in the following: in any homogeneous medium (regardless of its nature), light propagates strictly rectilinearly, along the shortest distance. This law simply and easily explains the formation of the shadow.

Atomic and nuclear physics

The basic laws of quantum physics, as well as the fundamentals of atomic and nuclear physics, are studied in high school and higher education.

So, Bohr's postulates represent a number of basic hypotheses that became the basis of the theory. Its essence lies in the fact that any atomic system can remain stable only in stationary states. Any radiation or absorption of energy by an atom necessarily occurs using the principle, the essence of which is as follows: the radiation associated with transport becomes monochromatic.

These postulates apply to the standard school curriculum that studies the basic laws of physics (grade 11). Their knowledge is a must for a graduate.

Basic laws of physics that a person should know

Some physical principles, although they belong to one of the branches of this science, are nevertheless general in nature and should be known to everyone. Let's list the basic laws of physics that a person should know:

• Archimedes' law (applies to the areas of hydro- as well as aerostatics). He implies that a kind of buoyancy force acts on any body that was immersed in a gaseous substance or liquid, which is necessarily directed vertically upward. This force is always numerically equal to the weight of the liquid or gas displaced by the body.
• Another formulation of this law is as follows: a body immersed in a gas or liquid certainly loses in weight as much as the mass of the liquid or gas in which it was immersed. This law became the basic postulate of the theory of floating bodies.
• The law of universal gravitation (discovered by Newton). Its essence lies in the fact that absolutely all bodies are inevitably attracted to each other with a force, which is the greater, the greater the product of the masses of these bodies and, accordingly, the smaller, the smaller the square of the distance between them.

These are the 3 basic laws of physics that everyone should know who wants to understand the mechanism of functioning of the surrounding world and the peculiarities of the processes occurring in it. It is quite simple to understand the principle of their action.

The value of such knowledge

The basic laws of physics must be in the baggage of a person's knowledge, regardless of his age and occupation. They reflect the mechanism of existence of all of today's reality, and, in essence, are the only constant in a continuously changing world.

The basic laws and concepts of physics open up new opportunities for studying the world around us. Their knowledge helps to understand the mechanism of the existence of the Universe and the movement of all cosmic bodies. It turns us into not just spies of daily events and processes, but allows us to be aware of them. When a person clearly understands the basic laws of physics, that is, all the processes occurring around him, he gets the opportunity to manage them in the most effective way, making discoveries and thereby making his life more comfortable.

Outcomes

Some are forced to study in depth the basic laws of physics for the Unified State Exam, others - by occupation, and some - out of scientific curiosity. Regardless of the goals of studying this science, the benefits of the knowledge gained can hardly be overestimated. There is nothing more satisfying than understanding the basic mechanisms and laws of the existence of the surrounding world.

Do not remain indifferent - develop!