December 17, 1968 For great services in the development of biological and agricultural sciences and in connection with the 70th birthday anniversary Nikolai Vasilyevich Tsitsin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

Nikolai Vasilievich acted as a delegate to the XX Congress of the CPSU, Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st, 3rd and 4th convocations. In addition, Tsitsin was an honorary foreign member of eight foreign academies. Was elected president, chairman, member of a number of domestic and foreign scientific organizations. Supervised the Soviet-Indian Society for Friendship and Cultural Relations. He has published over 700 scientific papers, including 46 books and brochures. Has eight copyright certificates for inventions. Many works have been published abroad.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from December 15, 1978 for his great services in the development of biological and agricultural sciences and in connection with his 80th birthday, Nikolai Tsitsin was awarded the Order of Lenin and the second gold medal "Hammer and Sickle".

Prominent scientist Nikolai Vasilievich Tsitsin died July 17, 1980 in Moscow. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery of the capital.

Nikolay Tsitsin's awards

Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1968, 1978)

Seven Orders of Lenin (12/30/1935; 06/10/1945; 11/10/1945; 11/19/1953; 12/17/1968; 09/17/1975; 12/15/1978)

Order of the October Revolution (12/18/1973)

Order of the Red Banner of Labor (11/16/1939)

Medal "For Military Merit" (10/28/1967)

Lenin Prize (1978)

Stalin Prize, second degree (1943)

Order of Agricultural Merit (France, 1959)

Memory of Nikolai Tsitsin

In Saratov, a bust was installed in the park on Rakhov Street

Commemorative plaque on the House on the Embankment in Moscow

Memorial plaque at the main building of the Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow

The main botanical garden of the country bears the name of its founder: Tsitsin.

17.07.1980

Tsitsin Nikolay Vasilievich

Russian Scientist

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences

Twice Hero of Socialist Labor

Nikolai Tsitsin was born on December 18, 1898 in the city of Saratov. The boy grew up in a poor peasant family. Having lost her father, due to the difficult financial situation, the mother sent her son to an orphanage. Kolya stayed there until 1912 and received his primary education, and then, in order to earn a living, he mastered many professions.

During the Civil War, Tsitsin joined the ranks of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army and soon became a military commissar, and from 1920 he was the head of the cultural department and a member of the provincial communications committee in Saratov.

At the same time, Tsitsin continued his education: first he studied at the school for working youth, and then entered the agronomic faculty of the Saratov Institute of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, which he graduated in 1927. Having received his diploma, he got a job at the Saratov Agricultural Experimental Station at the All-Union Institute of Grain Economy. It was this work and communication with famous breeders: Georgy Meister, Alexei Shekhurdin and Pyotr Konstantinov that determined the further field of activity of Nikolai Vasilyevich.

From the very beginning, the young scientist was interested in the problem of creating, on the basis of distant hybridization, more productive varieties of the country's main food crop: wheat. The research carried out by him when crossing wild and cultivated plants made it possible to create new varieties of plants with higher yields. Even then, Tsitsin, like his entire subsequent life, successfully combined his fruitful scientific work with social, organizational and state activities.

In 1932, he headed the laboratory of wheat-wheatgrass hybrids organized by him in Omsk, which was later reorganized into the Siberian Research Institute of Grain Farming. In 1938, Tsitsin was appointed director of the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition in Moscow, in the creation and operation of which he put a lot of effort.

Nikolai Vasilievich in the 1940s headed the Institute of Grain Farming of the Central Regions of the Non-Black Earth Zone. He was chairman of the State Commission for Variety Testing of Agricultural Crops under the USSR Ministry of Agriculture and vice-president of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the USSR.

Under his leadership, on April 14, 1945, the Main Botanical Garden of the USSR Academy of Sciences was created, where he remained the permanent leader until the end of his life. Thanks to the efforts of Tsitsin, this botanical garden has become a methodological and coordinating center for scientific research carried out by all other botanical gardens in our country.

In subsequent years, Nikolai Vasilyevich was also chairman of the board of the Council of Botanical Gardens of the USSR Academy of Sciences and President and Vice-President of the International Association of Botanical Gardens. In parallel, he continued his scientific work, being the head of the laboratory for remote hybridization of the Academy of Sciences of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the laboratory of wheat-wheatgrass hybrids of the Institute of Grain Economy of the Non-Black Earth Belt. The main works and research of the scientist are devoted to the distant hybridization of plants and are aimed at the development of Michurin's ideas in this area.

Tsitsin theoretically substantiated and practically proved the possibility of obtaining perennial wheat, his wheat-wheatgrass hybrids were especially widespread, which led to a significant increase in productivity. He also contributed to the development of the scientific foundations of plant acclimatization and the organization of introduction work in the country. Many conclusions and scientific developments of the scientist are still widely used by breeders.

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Scheme of the Main Botanical Garden
A - main entrance
В - entrance from the hotel "Ostankino"
С - entrance from the street. Komarova
D - entrance from the station. metro station "Vladykino"

1 - arboretum
2 - reserved oak grove
3 - rose garden
4 - shady garden
5 - a garden of coastal plants
6 - continuous flowering garden
7 - exposition of natural flora
8 - Japanese garden
9 - exposition of cultivated plants
10 - areas of natural forest
11 - laboratory building
12 - stock greenhouse
13 - new greenhouse

Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin RAS (Moscow)- the largest botanical garden in Europe, has the richest collections of plants representing the diverse flora of almost all continents and climatic zones of the globe. Founded on April 14, 1945 by Nikolai Vasilyevich Tsitsin. Living collections include 8220 species and 8110 forms and varieties of plants - a total of 16 330 taxa. On the basis of collections using modern techniques of landscape architecture, botanical expositions of plants have been created: the natural flora of Russia, the former USSR, an arboretum, an exposition of tropical and subtropical plants, floral and ornamental and cultivated plants.

History

The date of the foundation of the Main Botanical Garden is April 14, 1945. It is located on the site of the unique woodlands of Moscow. Thanks to the scientific activity of the garden's workers, fragments of the Erdenevskaya grove have been preserved as part of the Ostankino oak forest and the Leonovsky forest. These territories were first mentioned in the chronicles of 1584. They belonged to the princes of Cherkassk. In the hunting grounds where Alexei Mikhailovich (father of Peter I) also loved to hunt. Then these lands passed into the possession of the Sheremetevs, who received the "village of Ostashkovo" with the estate as a dowry to Varvara Cherkasskaya, who married Pyotr Borisovich Sheremetev. Count Nikolai Sheremetev, owner of Ostankino, turned the part of the grove closest to the estate into the English Park. For which an English gardener was hired, who sought to achieve the natural character of the landscape. On the territory of the park, 5 artificial ponds were dug, which were fed by the water of the Kamenka River, one of the tributaries of the Yauza. The main tree species in the park were oak, linden and maple. And among the bushes, hazel, honeysuckle and viburnum predominated.

Long before the official date of foundation, there was a program for the creation of the Botanical Garden. This is evidenced by the draft designs for 1940 and 1945, developed by the architect I. M. Petrov. This program existed within the framework of the general urban development plan for Moscow. According to the first draft of 1940, the northern border of the garden was supposed to pass along the Okruzhnaya railway, and from the south - along the modern Akademika Korolev street. At the same time, capturing the territory of the entire Marfinsky complex in the west. And in the east stretching to Prospect Mira. According to the 1945 project, the garden was limited to Botanicheskaya Street in the west, and in the east - to Selskokhozyaistvennaya Street. At the same time, the northern and southern borders remained unchanged.

By the decisions of the Moscow City Council and the decisions of the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, in the period from 1945 to 1969, lands were transferred to the Main Botanical Garden, on which the main landscape and botanical expositions are currently located. In 1998, 331.49 hectares were transferred to the garden for perpetual use.

Structure

In total, the Main Botanical Garden has 13 scientific departments and laboratories, one branch, and one group.

Structural scientific units

Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin RAS in 2011

• flora department
• dendrology department
• department of tropical and subtropical plants
• Ornamental Plants Department
• department of cultivated plants
• plant protection department with quarantine service
• distant hybridization department
• laboratory herbarium
• laboratory of plant physiology and biochemistry
• laboratory of plant physiology and immunity
• landscape architecture laboratory
• plant biotechnology laboratory
• department of implementation of scientific and technical developments
• Cheboksary Branch (Cheboksary Botanical Garden)

Non-structural scientific units

Group of Chemosystematics and Evolutionary Biochemistry of Plants

In addition, there are scientific and technical, scientific and auxiliary and production structural divisions in the Garden.

Collectible funds

Expositions of plants of natural flora

Six botanical and geographical expositions were created on an area of ​​30 hectares: “European part of Russia”, “Caucasus”, “Central Asia”, “Siberia”, “Far East” and “Useful plants of natural flora”.

Stock greenhouse

The stock greenhouse of the GBS RAS traditionally acts as a plant donor for collections of tropical plants of other botanical gardens in Russia and the countries of the former Soviet Union. The basis for this collection was obtained in 1947 from the Sanssouci greenhouse (Potsdam, Germany). The collection of representatives of the Orchid family consisted of 107 hybrids Paphiopedilum, 120 hybrids Cattleya and 140 species of orchids of other genera, 91 of which have survived in the collection to this day. Over the past years, the collection has undergone significant changes and has been expanded and supplemented. Currently, the collection includes 1120 species, subspecies and forms of orchids from 222 genera, as well as 300 hybrids.

Notes (edit)

Literature

• Main Botanical Garden named after N. V. Tsitsina - Museum of Living Nature / A. S. Demidov, Z. E. Kuzmin, V. G. Shatko. Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the Study and Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage. - M .: GEOS, 2007 .-- 64 p. - (Natural and cultural heritage of Moscow).

Links

- (1898 1980) Russian botanist and breeder, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939) and VASKHNIL (1938), twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1968, 1978). Proceedings on distant hybridization of agricultural plants. Lenin Prize (1978), State ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- [R. 6 (18) .12.1898, Saratov], Soviet botanist, geneticist and breeder, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939), VASKHNIL (1938; vice president in 1938–48), Hero of Socialist Labor (1968). Member of the CPSU since 1938. Graduated from the Saratov Institute of Agriculture and ... ...

TSITSIN NIKOLAY VASILIEVICH- Years of life 12/18/1898–7/17/1980 Born in the city of Saratov. Graduated from the Saratov State Institute of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (1927). Doctor S. NS. Sciences (1936), Academician of VASKhNIL (1938). Outstanding scientist botanist, breeder and geneticist. ... ... Biographical Encyclopedia of RAAS, VASKHNIL

Tsitsin, Nikolay Vasilievich- TsITSIN Nikolay Vasilievich (1898 1980), Russian botanist and breeder. Proceedings on distant hybridization of agricultural plants. I got high-yielding wheatgrass hybrids, resistant to lodging and diseases, created a spring variety ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (1898 1980), botanist and breeder, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939) and VASKhNIL (1938), Hero of Socialist Labor (1968, 1978). Proceedings on distant hybridization of agricultural plants. USSR State Prize (1943), Lenin Prize (1978) ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- [р. 6 (18) Dec. 1898] owls. botanist and breeder, acad. (since 1939) and valid. member VASKHNIL (since 1932). Member CPSU since 1938. Dep. Top. Council of the USSR of the 1st, 3rd and 4th convocations. In 1927 he graduated from the Institute of S. x VA and land reclamation in Saratov and worked at the All-Union Institute ... Big biographical encyclopedia

- (1898, Saratov - 1980, Moscow), botanist, geneticist and breeder, academician (1939), VASKhNIL (1938; vice president in 1938-48), Hero of Socialist Labor (1968, 1978). Graduated from the Institute of Agriculture and Land Reclamation in Saratov (1927). ... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)

Surname Tsitsin, Konstantin Georgievich (born 1960) Russian statesman Tsitsin, Nikolai Vasilievich (1898 1980) Soviet botanist and breeder, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences and VASKHNIL See also Titin Tsitsianov ... Wikipedia

Nikolai Vasilievich (1898 1980), botanist and breeder, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939) and VASKh Research Laboratory (1938), twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1968, 1978). Proceedings on distant hybridization of agricultural plants. Lenin Prize (1978), ... ... Russian history

Nikolai Vasilievich [b. 6 (18) .12.1898, Saratov], Soviet botanist, geneticist and breeder, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939), VASKhNIL (1938; in 1938, 48 vice president), Hero of Socialist Labor (1968). Member of the CPSU since 1938. Graduated from Saratov ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

If you cover the sights of the capital, which every person simply must visit, then the list of the most important of them will certainly include the Main Botanical Garden, which bears the name of its first director Nikolai Vasilyevich Tsitsin. Located in the eastern part of Moscow, next to VDNKh, the Botanical Garden welcomes its guests from late April to mid-October. Before the opening of each season, as well as after its completion, the next planting of cultivated plants is carried out in the garden.

Botanical address, opening hours

The nearest metro station from the GBS is Vladykino, from which bus route 76 runs to the site, on which those wishing to visit the largest botanical garden of the country will travel only 4 stops to the Ostankino hotel. Starting from April 29, GBS operates daily from 10 am to 8 pm. The season ends traditionally on October 19. Guests planning to visit the exposition should carefully read the opening hours. Some exhibitions are closed 2 days a week for maintenance work. An exposition such as the "Japanese Garden" has a shorter opening hours from Tuesday to Friday.

Wide range of exhibitions and greenhouses

Includes a varied collection of plants brought from all over the world. The richest botanical collection in the country began in the spring of 1945. Since then, outstanding botanists and breeders have worked on replenishing the expositions. Guests of the garden can visit the following exhibitions:

• The famous "Japanese Garden".
• The best collection of tropical aquatic plants in Europe.
• "Arboretum".
• "Rose garden".
• "Continuously Blooming Garden".
• "Exhibition of cultivated plants".
• "Shadow Garden".
• Numerous greenhouses.
• Exposition of natural flora.
• Collection of flowering ornamental plants.

GBS card

If your plans for the near future include visiting how to get to the place, you can see it on the map. Trust me, you won't regret this excursion! In addition to the already described expositions, on the territory there are: a reserved oak grove, a heather garden and areas of natural forest. The employees of the laboratory building help to keep track of all this splendor; the stock greenhouse helps to preserve the collections in their original form. Botanists and breeders of GBS do not want to rest on the laurels of past achievements and plan to expand the existing collections, as well as build new exhibitions.

Botanical Garden (Moscow), how to get to a visitor

If the guests of the capital are poorly guided by the terrain, especially if they decide to visit the GBS for the first time, then it will be useful for them to find out the following: the main thing is to find the route to the Vladykino metro station on the metro maps. It will take about 10 minutes to walk from the station to the main entrance to the exhibitions. The main gate is located on the side of Botanicheskaya Street. In addition to the main entrance, there are several gates around the perimeter of the garden. On the way from the metro exit you will see a small gate. There are also entrances from the border with VDNKh.

Traveling by private transport

Many nature lovers travel by private transport, so the question arises when they want to visit the Botanical Garden (Moscow): "How to get to the place from Dmitrovskoye or Altufevskoye shosse, and which route is better to choose?" passes through the Otradnoye area up to the territory of the GBS. If you go along Dmitrovskoe highway, then you will need to get to the intersection with Bolshaya Akademicheskaya street.

Public transport routes from VDNKh metro station

Of course, Vladykino metro station is not the only one from where you can take a bus and go to the Botanical Garden (Moscow). How to get to the place by getting off at the VDNKh metro station? Bus routes 24, 85 and 803 run to the country, as well as trolleybuses 9, 36 and 73.

How much are the entrance tickets?

Children under 7 years old accompanied by adults, as well as pensioners can use free entrance to the territory. For all other categories of the population, the cost of entry is:

• For adults - 50 rubles
• For students and schoolchildren - 30 rubles.

As you can see, the entrance fee is purely symbolic. Next, we follow the most popular exhibitions. Entrance to the rose garden and to the exhibition of decorative flowers costs 100 rubles per adult. Discounts are available for children and seniors. Adults tickets for viewing the unique exposition "Japanese Garden" on weekdays cost 150 rubles (due to the shortened opening hours), on weekends and holidays - 200 rubles. Now we have learned, having decided to inspect the Botanical Garden (Moscow), how to get to it, and how much entrance tickets cost. It remains to decide with which exposure to start the inspection.

Anniversary of the Botanical Garden

In 2015, GBS celebrates its 70th anniversary. The huge glass building of the New Conservatory is planned to be opened for this momentous event. The entire surrounding area is cleaned and ennobled daily. And even now we can safely say that the celebrations will be held in conditions of ideal order and beauty. Since the opening took place at the end of the Great Patriotic War, much attention is paid to the exhibits brought from Germany, which can be viewed in the Stock greenhouse.

The best expositions

We have already learned a lot about the Botanical Exhibition Garden and briefly covered the history of its creation. The real gem of the project is the rose garden. It is also worth noting the importance of two special exhibitions. It will be about the collection of tropical plants and the "Japanese Garden". No botanical garden in all of Europe has such an extensive collection of coastal plants. Among them are wild, cultivated and flowering specimens. If you have a great desire to admire the blossoming sakura, many years ago brought to the Botanical Garden (Moscow), reviews of which are spreading everywhere, - welcome to the "Japanese Garden". People who once saw this miracle will never forget it. Delicate fragrant flowering trees create a unique atmosphere of peace and tranquility. Orchids, bonsai, miniature trees miraculously transport visitors far to the East, to the Land of the Rising Sun.

Rose garden

If we talk about the rose garden, then it is worth starting with the history of the emergence of the exhibition. Back in the middle of the last century, the scientist breeder Ivan Shtanko bred amazing varieties of roses, which instantly became popular even abroad. To this day, the varieties Aurora, Yasnaya Polyana and Utro Moskvy are very popular outside Russia. The total area occupied by the rose garden is 2.5 hectares. In total, more than 270 different varieties of prickly beauty grow on the territory of the GBS. If you measure the number in the bushes, then the figure will be about 6,000 units. Over the long history of the exposition, the best varieties of roses from all over the world have been collected here. Many foreign rosology firms consider it an honor to cooperate with such a well-known organization as the Botanical Garden (Moscow). The address of the GBS in all the years of its existence has more than once become the destination for considerable gratuitous gifts from partners.

To complete the picture, there are numerous ponds and reservoirs on the territory, framed by century-old oak trees. There is an exposition called "Natural flora", which includes trees and shrubs from different regions of the country. These include:

• Plantings
• Types of Siberian forests.
• Representatives of the Far Eastern forest cultures.
• Saplings imported from Central Asia.
• Caucasian plantings.

Visitors, walking around the territory, can get acquainted with the standard of landscape design of the 50s of the last century, which is presented in the exposition "Garden of continuous flowering".

In conclusion, I would like to wish you aesthetic pleasure and unforgettable moments of unity with nature, which the Botanical Garden (Moscow) can present to its guests. Everyone now knows how to get to the breeding paradise.

The Botanical Garden is a forested area in the north-east of Moscow, a favorite place for pensioners, skaters and cyclists. As a rule, residents of the nearby regions - the Northern Administrative District and the North-Eastern Administrative District - come here for a walk. But there is something to see, and the place is worth it to come here specially from other parts of the capital.

The botanical garden was founded in 1945 on the site of preserved natural forests, such as the Ostankino and Leonovsky forests. According to official sources, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (remember the palace in Kolomenskoye?), The father of Peter I.

If you are not a botanist biologist, and you can hardly distinguish birch from aspen, then at first glance the Botanical Garden will seem to you an ordinary forest park, of which there are not so few in Moscow. True, the area of ​​the park is comparable to the Sokolniki square, but here the forest is wilder and denser, and there are less asphalt paths.

The first feeling from the Botanical Garden is that no one planted anything on purpose, but everything grew by itself, everything is so natural and organic. Only after a certain time spent here, you begin to understand that the naturalness of the park is actually thought out to the smallest detail and is the result of the painstaking work of caring hands. And the most important thing is that it is simply beautiful and quiet here, this becomes especially relevant when the noise and dust of the city are boring. The only thing that reminds you of where you are is the spearhead.

You will have to fork out a little for the silence and beauty - the entrance to the park is paid, though only from April 29 to mid-October. In April and October, access to the garden is free. Although according to official information it is closed for planting operations, I personally was there in April, and there were many visitors. But in winter, the garden definitely does not work, and this is a little upsetting, because there you could have excellent snowmen or go skiing or sledding with children.

Ticket price to visit the Botanical Garden - 50 rubles. for pedestrians and 100 for cyclists, the cost of tickets for schoolchildren and students is 30 rubles, pensioners are not charged. With cyclists and rollerbladers, the story is not clear. The official website of the Botanical Garden says that roller-skating and cycling in the park is prohibited. At the same time, they are allowed in, and even the cost of the entrance ticket has been set.

If you do not like wandering aimlessly, inspecting unfamiliar tree species, then you can book an excursion... To do this, you need to gather a group of like-minded people and agree with the administration. The cost of the excursion, depending on the direction, is from 100 to 200 rubles. per person, for foreigners - 250 rubles.

Conventionally, the garden can be divided into several zones according to regions, which represent the flora of the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Far East, Siberia. There is also a rose garden in the park. In the summer of last year, it was rebuilt and altered, so I never got a chance to admire the roses.

The park has a greenhouse, a glass building as high as a ten-story building. Inside it, through the glass, you can see huge palm trees, some beautiful tropical flowers of bright colors. But, as far as I know, you can get inside only with a guided tour, the entrance is closed for individual visitors, so it remains to be content with peeping from the street.

A very popular place in the park - Japanese garden... The entrance is paid, 100-150 rubles. At the very beginning of May, you can see the cherry blossoms here. Blooming lasts only two or three days, and these days there is usually a stir in the Japanese Garden - there are many professional photographers as well as just amateurs. In general, photographers have chosen the Japanese Garden. Most likely, this is why the administration so inflated prices for professional photography. So be careful, if employees see you, for example, a tripod, they may ask you to pay. In general, everything is quite strict here - you cannot sit on the lawns, nor on the stones.

There are several reservoirs in the park. Swimming and fishing is prohibited here - you can only admire the water. One of the reservoirs is located near the central entrance opposite the Laboratory building, the other is on the border with the territory of the All-Russian Exhibition Center. There are also several small streams and ponds.

The main paths of the park are paved, there are also many unpaved paths, by the way, they are much more deserted, so if you want to find a secluded corner for a romantic date, turn onto the path. There are signs at every intersection in the park, so only those suffering from topographic cretinism can get lost here.

There are always a lot of people on the main paths of the park. If the weather is good, then this happens not only on weekends, but also on weekdays. Therefore, the benches along them are almost always occupied. Many, contrary to the instructions of the Rules, are located right on the lawns - I have never seen that they were driven out. In general, there is mainly an intelligent audience, everywhere it is very clean and tidy, there is almost no garbage.

In the Botanical Garden, for the first time in my life, I saw how snowdrops grow, maybe you will discover something new and unusual for yourself here.

How to get there from the metro:

Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsina is 5 minutes walk from Vladykino metro station. You can also get here from the VDNKh metro by buses 24, 85, 803 and trolleybuses 9, 36.73. You can also get to the Botanical Garden from the metro station of the same name, but this is not very convenient - you will have to go too far. In general, there are several entrances to the park: at the Vladykino metro station, from the Botanicheskaya street, from the side behind the Cosmos pavilion, and there is also an entrance from Komarova street. The park is large, therefore there are many entrances (see the map below).